SARS-CoV-2 is primarily an airborne infection of the upper respiratory tract, which on
reaching the lungs causes the severe acute respiratory disease, COVID-19. Its first contact …

The development and deployment of vaccines against COVID-19 demonstrated major
successes in providing immunity and preventing severe disease and death. Yet SARS-CoV …

In early 2020, a global emergency was upon us in the form of the coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID‐19) pandemic. While horrific in its health, social and economic devastation, one …

Immune responses at the respiratory mucosal interface are critical to prevent respiratory
infections but it is unclear to what extent antigen specific mucosal secretory IgA (SIgA) …

The mucosal immune system is the largest component of the entire immune system, having
evolved to provide protection at the main sites of infectious threat: the mucosae. As SARS …

Based on mucosal immunization to promote both mucosal and systemic immune responses,
next-generation coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines would be administered …

The global rollout of COVID-19 vaccines has played a critical role in reducing pandemic
spread, disease severity, hospitalizations, and deaths. However, the first-generation …

Despite remarkable progress in the development and authorization of vaccines against
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is a need to validate …

Currently approved COVID-19 vaccines administered parenterally induce robust systemic
humoral and cellular responses. While highly effective against severe disease, there is …

Although SARS-CoV-2 infects the upper respiratory tract, we know little about the amount,
type, and kinetics of antibodies (Ab) generated in the oral cavity in response to COVID-19 …