A fundus image is a two-dimensional pictorial representation of the membrane at the rear of
the eye that consists of blood vessels, the optical disc, optical cup, macula, and fovea …

This chapter shadows light over the fundamental imaging techniques used in the field of
ophthalmology; namely fundus retinal imaging. Since it is a noninvasive way of imaging the …

Introduction Ophthalmology is a specialized field of medicine, where we can directly
visualize the pathology and treat accordingly. Imaging of fundus helps in documenting the …

Automated retinal image analysis holds prime significance in the accurate diagnosis of
various critical eye diseases that include diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular …

With the advent of smartphone-based fundus imaging (SBFI), a low-cost alternative to
conventional digital fundus photography has become available. SBFI allows for a mobile …

PURPOSE: To review and update techniques of posterior segment ophthalmic fundus
imaging. DESIGN: Literature review and collective experience of the authors. METHODS …

Ocular fundus imaging plays a key role in monitoring the health status of the human eye.
Currently, a large number of imaging modalities allow the assessment and/or quantification …

The rapid development of digital imaging and computer vision has increased the potential of
using the image processing technologies in ophthalmology. Image processing systems are …

Fundus imaging is a process where 3D structure of retina is projected onto the 2D plane.
With the characteristics of quick and convenient, fundus imaging was widely used in …

This chapter describes an approach to introducing modern retinal imaging to the general
medical examination of healthy people at public health checkup centers. The human fundus …