Increased public investment in PhD education to drive innovation has led to a recent rapid
growth in the number of PhD graduates. Academic labour markets have not developed at …

An increase in the number of PhD candidates in the last decades has changed the
landscape of employment and the nature of what it means to be a PhD holder. Embarking on …

More than half of PhD graduates work outside academia. Yet we know little of the nature of
their post-PhD careers and the conditions influencing them. Further, research to date tends …

In recent decades, governments have sought to increase the number of PhD graduates and
support their transition into non-academic employment. The UK is no exception to this trend …

This paper examines the key issues at stake for national economies in increasing the
number of PhDs to meet expected needs for human capital in science, technology and …

In Finland, doctoral employment outside the academy has been increasing. Universities can
no longer absorb the numbers in the doctoral labour force and research and development …

The article examines the mid-term occupational outcomes of two cohorts of PhDs graduated
in 2004 and 2008 in Italy. This comparison allows the authors to explore changing PhD's …

Over the last two decades, international governments have positioned PhD holders as vital
to prosperity–and yet, understanding of PhD holders' economic, social and cultural …

Based on data collected through a complex survey of science and engineering PhD
graduates from a UK research-based university, this paper examines the different types of …

Professorship has traditionally been the single most valued career path for graduates of PhD
programs. Policies now encourage graduate students to directly or indirectly engage with …