Aims/hypothesis It is unclear whether type 1 diabetes is a single disease or if endotypes
exist. Our aim was to use a unique collection of pancreas samples recovered soon after …

Aims/hypothesis Childhood diabetes is thought to usually result from autoimmune beta cell
destruction (type 1A) with eventual total loss of beta cells. Analysis of C-peptide in children …

The canonical notion that type 1 diabetes (T1D) results following a complete destruction of β
cells has recently been questioned as small amounts of C-peptide are detectable in patients …

Diabetes is an emblematic example of a heterogeneous disease. Systemic inflammation has
emerged as a prominent factor in the type 2 diabetes pathoetiology, but it remains ill-defined …

Although insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion are characteristic of established
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), which of these metabolic abnormalities is …

Despite extensive and ongoing investigations of the immune mechanisms of autoimmune
diabetes in humans and animal models, there is much less information about the natural …

Studies in type 1 diabetes indicate potential disease heterogeneity, notably in the rate of β-
cell loss, responsiveness to immunotherapies, and, in limited studies, islet pathology. We …

Underlying type 1 diabetes is a genetic aetiology dominated by the influence of specific HLA
haplotypes involving primarily the class II DR-DQ region. In genetically predisposed children …

Autoantibody and T cells reacting with islet proteins have been demonstrated in patients
with type 1 diabetes. In recent years an increasing number of children have been clinically …

Abstract Immune‐mediated (auto‐immune) Type 1 diabetes mellitus is not a homogenous
entity, but nonetheless has distinctive characteristics. In children, it may present with …