Background and aims Micronutrient supplements such as vitamin D, vitamin C, and zinc
have been used in managing viral illnesses. However, the clinical significance of these …

Micronutrients constitute an adjuvant treatment for respiratory viral infections. Since there is
no effective antiviral therapy for COVID-19 yet, adjuvant intervention for the survival of …

Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the
severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), millions of people have died …

We report an observational study performed between March and May 2020 in a Spanish
university hospital during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The main objective was to analyse …

There are limited proven therapeutic options for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
The role of vitamin and mineral supplementation or “immunonutrition” has previously been …

Objective Current meta-analysis aims to understand the effect of oral supplementation of
vitamin D on intensive care unit (ICU) requirement and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 …

The pathogenicity of the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) shows postulates that
optimal status of essential nutrients is crucial in supporting both the early viraemic and later …

Background The associations between vitamin D and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
infection and clinical outcomes are controversial. The efficacy of vitamin D supplementation …

COVID-19 symptoms vary from asymptomatic cases to moderate and severe illness with
patients needing hospitalization and intensive care treatment. Vitamin D is associated with …

Background: A higher risk for severe clinical courses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-
19) has been linked to deficiencies of several micronutrients. We therefore studied the …