Sex classifications that sort males from females remain pervasive even as antidiscrimination
law designed to achieve equality for females has chipped away at their subordinating …

A common credo in modern sports is that athletic competition transcends human social
difference; within the arena of competitive sport, a person's performance is the only thing that …

When 1976 Olympic decathlon gold-medalist Bruce Jenner announced his intention in 2015
to transition to the female sex with the name Caitlyn, I the transition raised numerous legal …

For most of humanity's existence, sport meant men's sport. From the ancient Olympics up
through the first two-thirds of the twentieth century, women faced many cultural obstacles to …

Athletic competition and constructions of gender identity are constantly at tension with one
another.'These two concepts often collide, as research shows that they present conflicting …

It all comes down to this. Every decision she has made for years she made with this day in
mind. What she ate, who she trained with, and almost every activity in her day depended on …

The civil rights movement and the women's movement have spawned decades of debate on
the concept of equality. Sometimes the answers have been glaringly obvious; other times …

Athletic competitions have traditionally enjoyed the reputation of being" pure" sport. Since
the advent of the ancient Olympic Games, it was man (usually naked) competing against …

Recently, scholars have begun to question whether sex segregation is necessary,
appropriate, or even legal. 1 Although the answers to these questions likely vary depending …

As women's athletics enters into a mid-life growth pattern, following an initial explosion in
women's intercollegiate programs in the 1970's and early 1980's, it faces great uncertainties …