Fetal responses to placental insufficiency: an update Page 1 REVIEW Fetal responses to
placental insufficiency: an update Introduction Disturbance of normal fetal growth can result in a …

Fetal growth restriction is most commonly caused by failure of the placenta to meet the
increasing demands for oxygen and substrate of the developing fetus, resulting in common …

The fetus and placenta share the same genetic makeup and, therefore, should be expected
to have parallel growth potentials. Maturation-associated increases in placental nutrient …

As pregnancy extends post term, incidence of placental insufficiency, fetal postmaturity
(dysmaturity), and fetal perinatal death increases repidly as a consequence of reduced …

The placenta, as the vector for all maternal-fetal oxygen and nutrient exchange, is a principal
influence on birthweight. Placental weight summarizes laterally expanding growth of the …

The placenta exerts its effects on the growth of the fetus from the beginning of pregnancy via
metabolic and endocrine mechanisms. To achieve this, the placenta exchanges a wide …

Placental insufficiency is a process leading to progressive deterioration in placental function
and a decrease in transplacental transfer of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. The resulting …

The role of placental function in maintaining an adequate fetal growth has been addressed
by many different laboratories. The relationship between maternal and fetal circulation in the …

The developing fetus undergoes a dynamic period of rapid growth that is responsive to
changes in the in utero environment that may contribute to the development of fetal growth …

Placental-related fetal growth restriction arises primarily due to deficient remodeling of the
uterine spiral arteries supplying the placenta during early pregnancy. The resultant …