Recent evidence has shown that d-amino acids are present in animals and humans in high
concentrations and fulfill specific biological functions. In the central nervous system, two d …

Of the twenty amino acids in the mammalian body, only serine and aspartate occur in D-
configuration as well as L-configuration in significant amount. D-serine is selectively …

It has now been well established that D-serine, a coagonist for the N-methyl-D-aspartate
(NMDA) glutamate receptors (NR1/NR2 type), is maintained at a high concentration in …

The endogenous amino acids serine and aspartate occur at high concentrations in free D-
form in mammalian organs, including the central nervous system and endocrine glands. D …

Amino acids are important components for peptides and proteins and act as signal
transmitters. Only L‐amino acids have been considered necessary in mammals, including …

It has long been assumed that l-forms of amino acids exclusively constitute free amino acid
pools in mammals. However, a variety of studies in the last decade has demonstrated that …

More than half a century ago researchers thought that d-amino acids had a minor function
compared to l-enantiomers in biological processes. Many evidences have shown that d …

The mammalian brain contains unusually high levels of d‐serine, ad‐amino acid previously
thought to be restricted to some bacteria and insects. In the last few years, studies from …

Over the past years, accumulating evidence has indicated that d-serine is the endogenous
ligand for the glycine-modulatory binding site on the NR1 subunit of N-methyl-d-aspartate …

It was believed for long time that d-amino acids are not present in mammals. However,
current technological advances and improvements in analytical instruments have enabled …