Objectives Hyper-inflammation caused by COVID-19 may be mediated by mast cell
activation (MCA) which has also been hypothesized to cause Long-COVID (LC) symptoms …

Abstract Objectives One-fifth of Covid-19 patients suffer a severe course of Covid-19
infection; however, the specific causes remain unclear. Mast cells (MCs) are activated by …

Lung inflammation is a hallmark of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients who
are severely ill, and the pathophysiology of disease is thought to be immune mediated. Mast …

Most COVID-19 patients recovered with low mortality; however, some patients experienced
long-term symptoms described as “long-COVID” or “Post-COVID syndrome”(PCS). Patients …

The immune response plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection
ranging from protection to tissue damage and all occur in the development of acute …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection represents a
global health crisis. Immune cell activation via pattern recognition receptors has been …

Cytokine storm syndrome is a cascade of escalated immune responses disposing the
immune system to exhaustion, which might ultimately result in organ failure and fatal …

Basophils and mast cells are among the principal inducers of Th2 responses and have a
crucial role in allergic and anti-parasitic protective immunity. Basophils can function as …

It is currently believed that innate immunity is unable to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2
from the upper airways to the alveoli of high-risk groups of patients. SARS-CoV-2 replication …

Interestingly, children seem to have milder symptoms than adults associated with COVID-19.
Furthermore, the incidence of allergy or asthma in children infected with COVID-19 seems to …