Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses to viral infection are a form of
antibody regulated immune responses mediated through the Fc fragment. Whether severe …

Background Neutralizing-antibody (nAb) is the major focus of most ongoing COVID-19
vaccine trials. However, nAb response against SARS-CoV-2, when present, decays rapidly …

The capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in
preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of such antibodies …

Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection is generally known for many viruses. A
potential risk of ADE in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) …

Beyond neutralization, antibodies binding to their Fc receptors elicit several innate immune
functions including antibody-dependent complement deposition (ADCD), antibody …

ABSTRACT The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has raised concerns
about the detrimental effects of antibodies. Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of …

COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) disease severity and stages varies from asymptomatic, mild flu-
like symptoms, moderate, severe, critical, and chronic disease. COVID-19 disease …

The high infection rate and rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) make it a world-wide pandemic. Individuals infected by the virus exhibited …

Neutralizing antibodies are known to have a crucial role in protecting against SARS-CoV-2
infection and have been suggested to be a useful correlate of protection for vaccine clinical …

T cells play a fundamental role in the early control and clearance of many viral infections of
the respiratory system. In SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, lymphopenia with drastically …