Objective: The issue of when to start treatment in patients with hyperuricemia (HUA) without
gout and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is both important and controversial. In this study …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common syndrome characterized by various etiologies and
pathophysiologic processes that deteriorate kidney function. The aim of this study is to …

Arterial hypertension (AH) is a multifactorial and asymptomatic disease that affects vital
organs such as the kidneys and heart. Considering its prevalence and the associated …

Abnormal levels of uric acid (UA) in urine serve as warning signs for gout and metabolic
cardiovascular diseases, necessitating the monitoring of UA levels for early prevention …

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a major public health burden. Diabetes
mellitus (DM) is one of the major causes of CKD. In patients with DM, it can be difficult to …

Patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension (HT) diseases are predisposed to kidney
diseases. The objective of this study was to identify potential biomarkers in the urine of …

The purpose of this study was to perform a comparative biochemical analysis between
conventional spectrophotometry and Raman spectroscopy, techniques used for diagnoses …

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a symptom that is caused by kidney damage that deteriorates
to the end stage. If not treated in time, CRF will worse into uraemia, which greatly reduces …

Due to their importance in the regulation of metabolites, the kidneys need continuous
monitoring to check for correct functioning, mainly by urea and creatinine urinalysis. This …

Background Hyperuricemia and gout are a group of disorders of purine metabolism. In
recent years, the incidence of hyperuricemia and gout has been increasing, which is a …