The rapid evolution of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has resulted in the usage of
various applications due to their ability to sense data and processing data efficiently …

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), energy efficiency is a significant design challenge that
can be resolved by clustering and routing approaches. They are considered as Non …

Clustering is one of the major techniques for maximizing the network lifetime in wireless
sensor networks (WSNs). Here, the sensor nodes (SNs) are grouped into clusters and the …

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), balancing energy consumption is always a critical
problem. Multi-hop data transmission may cause the nodes around the static sink to exhaust …

The WSN is a new and urgent technology with many potential uses, including but not limited
to health security, environmental monitoring, etc. Due to lower battery capacity, WSN has a …

Clustering routing is one of the most prevailing approaches for saving energy in wireless
sensor networks (WSNs). However, many existing clustering protocols have the problem of …

Clustering is one of the most significant methods for maximizing the lifetime of the network in
wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The technique involves the first grouping of sensor nodes …

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are emerging versatile and low-cost solutions for several
applications. However, energy efficiency is a major issue in WSNs. The sensor nodes …

Energy-efficient optimization algorithm in wireless sensor network (WSN) is often based on
solely cluster routing or multi-hop routing. The cluster optimization algorithm will form a …

The constraints on the battery resources of sensor nodes have been the major stumbling
block in achieving the network longevity and in exploring the potential of Wireless Sensor …