Abstract The European Commission asked EFSA to update its previous Opinion on nickel in
food and drinking water, taking into account new occurrence data, the updated benchmark …

EFSA received a request from the Hellenic Food Authority (EFET) for a scientific opinion on
the risk to human health from the presence of nickel (Ni) in food, particularly in vegetables …

Systemic contact dermatitis can be elicited experimentally in nickel‐sensitive individuals by
oral nickel exposure. A crucial point interpreting such experiments has been the relevance …

EU legislation requires a multimedia exposure assessment for substances supplied within
the EU. Dietary intake is the main source of exposure for the majority of the population …

In July 2001, the EU Nickel Directive came into full force to protect European citizens against
nickel allergy and dermatitis. Prior to this intervention, Northern European governments had …

Systemic contact dermatitis is usually seen as flare‐up of previous dermatitis or de novo
dermatitis similar to allergic contact dermatitis. Although systemic contact dermatitis from …

This paper describes the indirect human exposure to Ni via the oral route for the regional
scale in the EU, together with a method to assess additional local exposure from industrial …

EFSA received a request from the Hellenic Food Authority for a scientific opinion on
estimation of the risk to human health from the presence of chromium (Cr) in food …

It is important for public health authorities to set a scientifically sound guideline value for the
safe ingestion of copper in drinking water. To date, the principal health-based guideline …

Copper is an essential micronutrient and also a regulated product used in organic and in
conventional farming pest management. Both deficiency and excessive exposure to copper …