The continuous, reliable, and accurate acquisition of position information is a fundamental
requirement for autonomous vehicles. It underpins perception, decision-making, and …

Localization is critical for automated vehicles as it provides essential position, velocity, and
heading angle information to perform object tracking, trajectory prediction, motion planning …

Precise and robust localization in a large-scale outdoor environment is essential for an
autonomous vehicle. In order to improve the performance of the fusion of GNSS (Global …

Accurate and robust vehicle localization in highly urbanized areas is challenging. Sensors
are often corrupted in those complicated and large-scale environments. This paper …

Mapping and localization is a critical module of autonomous driving, and significant
achievements have been reached in this field. Beyond Global Navigation Satellite System …

Although accurate and reliable localization is a prerequisite for autonomous driving, in
urban environments neither the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) nor the …

For highly and fully automated driving an accurate vehicle localization is crucial. At any time
the position has to be known within an accuracy of a few decimeters, which can not be …

Accurate rail vehicle positioning is crucial for railroad operational safety. Modern light
detection and ranging (LiDAR) simultaneously localization and mapping (SLAM) systems …

We present a robust and precise localization system that achieves centimeter-level
localization accuracy in disparate city scenes. Our system adaptively uses information from …

Intelligent vehicles demand reliable, continuous, and accurate positioning capability. Light
Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)-inertial odometry (LIO) provides precise continuous relative …