With the emergence of foundation models (FMs) that are trained on large amounts of data at
scale and adaptable to a wide range of downstream applications, AI is experiencing a …

Recently, the domain of artificial intelligence (AI) has experienced a profound transformation
with the emergence of foundation models as a new paradigm for developing AI systems …

Deep learning (DL) research has made remarkable progress in recent years. Natural
language processing and image generation have made the leap from computer science …

Due to the increased number of parameters and data in the pre-trained model exceeding a
certain level, a foundation model (eg, a large language model) can significantly improve …

A recent innovation in the field of machine learning has been the creation of very large pre-
trained models, also referred to as 'foundation models', that draw on much larger and …

Foundation models (FM) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range
of tasks (especially in the fields of natural language processing and computer vision) …

There are complaints about current machine learning techniques such as the requirement of
a huge amount of training data and proficient training skills, the difficulty of continual …

Foundation models pretrained on diverse data at scale have demonstrated extraordinary
capabilities in a wide range of vision and language tasks. When such models are deployed …

Pretrained Foundation Models (PFMs) are regarded as the foundation for various
downstream tasks with different data modalities. A PFM (eg, BERT, ChatGPT, and GPT-4) is …

Large-scale pre-trained models (PTMs) such as BERT and GPT have recently achieved
great success and become a milestone in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Owing to …