Monitoring of aquatic ecosystems has been historically accomplished by intensive
campaigns of direct measurements (by probes and other boat instruments) and indirect …

The sensor technology for water quality monitoring (WQM) has improved during recent
years. The cost-effective sensorised tools that can autonomously measure the essential …

Traditionally, underwater acoustic modems and positioning systems were developed for
military and Oil & Gas industries, that require deep water deployments and extremely …

Marine environments are influenced by a wide diversity of anthropogenic and natural
substances and organisms that may have adverse effects on human health and ecosystems …

Ocean acidification, the decrease in seawater pH as a result of increasing carbon dioxide,
has been shown to be an important driver of oyster mortality in West Coast shellfisheries [1] …

The ability to access user-friendly, low-cost instrumentation remains a limiting factor in
coastal ocean observing. The majority of currently available marine observation equipment …

Marine environmental monitoring has tended to focus on site-specific methods of
investigation. These traditional methods have low spatial and temporal resolution and are …

Conservation of marine ecosystems has been highlighted as a priority to ensure a
sustainable future. Effective management requires data collection over large spatio-temporal …

Autonomous platforms already make observations over a wide range of temporal and spatial
scales, measuring salinity, temperature, nitrate, pressure, oxygen, biomass, and many other …

Underwater environment is the new frontier for major future discovery for the benefits of the
world at large. The vastness of the oceans mirrored the vast potentials that lie beneath it. In …