Context: The pathogenetic mechanisms of kidney stone formation are complex and involve
both metabolic and environmental risk factors. Over the past decade, major advances have …

The pathophysiology of urinary stone formation is complex, involving a combination of
metabolic, genetic, and environmental factors. Over the past decades, remarkable advances …

Kidney stone disease is a crystal concretion formed usually within the kidneys. It is an
increasing urological disorder of human health, affecting about 12% of the world population …

In the past two decades, major breakthroughs that improve our understanding of the
pathophysiology and therapy of kidney stones (KS) have been lacking. The disease …

Renal calculi are crystalline structures of calcium oxalate with associated risk factors like
dehydration, high fat diet, animal protein, high salt intake and obesity. Crystals form in the …

Renal stone disease covers kidney and lower urinary tract stones caused by a variety of
conditions, including metabolic and inherited disorders, and anatomical defects with or …

Kidney stones are mineral deposits in the renal calyces and pelvis that are found free or
attached to the renal papillae. They contain crystalline and organic components and are …

Renal stone disease is a worldwide problem which carries significant morbidity. It frequently
requires specialist urology intervention. Patients with recurrent disease and those at high …

Renal colic accounts for about 1% of hospital admissions worldwide and is the reason for
80,000 emergency department visits per year in the UK. The initial episode is normally dealt …

Background Kidney stone disease has been associated with reduced kidney function and
chronic kidney disease (CKD). The objective of the study was to examine kidney function …