Alterations in enteric microbiota are associated with several highly prevalent immune-
mediated and metabolic diseases,–, and experiments involving faecal transplants have …

The mammalian gut is colonized by numerous microorganisms collectively termed the
microbiota, which have a mutually beneficial relationship with their host,,. Normally, the gut …

Mucosal surfaces constantly encounter microbes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediate
recognition of microbial patterns to eliminate pathogens. By contrast, we demonstrate that …

Systemic infection induces conserved physiological responses that include both resistance
and 'tolerance of infection'mechanisms. Temporary anorexia associated with an infection is …

The intestinal microbiota contributes to the development of the immune system, and
conversely, the immune system influences the composition of the microbiota. Toll-like …

Although the gut microbiome plays important roles in host physiology, health and disease 1,
we lack understanding of the complex interplay between host genetics and early life …

Humans and their microbiota have coevolved a mutually beneficial relationship in which the
human host provides a hospitable environment for the microorganisms and the microbiota …

Microbial colonization of the mammalian intestine elicits inflammatory or tolerogenic T cell
responses, but the mechanisms controlling these distinct outcomes remain poorly …

The intestinal microbiota has a critical role in immune system and metabolic homeostasis,
but it must be tolerated by the host to avoid inflammatory responses that can damage the …

The intestinal microbiome is a signalling hub that integrates environmental inputs, such as
diet, with genetic and immune signals to affect the host's metabolism, immunity and …