Intra-and extracellular adenosine levels rise in response to physiological stimuli and with
metabolic/energetic perturbations, inflammatory challenge and tissue injury. Extracellular …

The purine nucleoside adenosine is an important regulator within the cardiovascular system,
and throughout the body. Released in response to perturbations in energy state, among …

Adenosine is an autacoid that plays a critical role in regulating cardiac function, including
heart rate, contractility, and coronary flow. In this chapter, current knowledge of the functions …

Adenosine is a purine nucleoside, which is produced primarily through the metabolism of
adenosine triphosphate (ATP), therefore its levels increase during stressful situations when …

Adenosine, a catabolite of ATP, exerts numerous effects in the heart, including modulation of
the cardiac response to stress, such as that which occurs during myocardial ischemia and …

Adenosine, formed primarily via hydrolysis of 5′-AMP, has been historically dubbed a
“retaliatory” metabolite due to enhanced local release and beneficial actions during …

Adenosine receptors (ARs) are widely acknowledged pharmacological targets yet are still
underutilized in clinical practice. Their ubiquitous distribution in almost all cells and tissues …

Cardiomyocytes and vascular cells readily form, transport, and metabolize the endogenous
adenine nucleoside adenosine and act to regulate both interstitial and plasma adenosine …

Adenosine acts as a cytoprotective modulator in response to stress to an organ or tissue.
Although short-lived in the circulation, it can activate four subtypes of G protein-coupled …

Adenosine is a ubiquitous extracellular signaling molecule with essential functions in human
physiology. Due to the widespread expression of adenosine receptors, it has far-reaching …