Our knowledge about the fundamental aspects of biofilm biology, including the mechanisms
behind the reduced antimicrobial susceptibility of biofilms, has increased drastically over the …

Biofilms are communities of microbial cells that are attached to each other and/or a surface,
and are embedded in an extracellular matrix produced by the bacteria and/or derived from …

Bacteria have traditionally been regarded as individual organisms growing in homogeneous
planktonic populations. However, bacteria in natural environments usually form communities …

Introduction: The concept of biofilms in human health and disease is now widely accepted
as cause of chronic infection. Typically, biofilms show remarkable tolerance to many forms of …

Bacteria can form single-and multispecies biofilms exhibiting diverse features based upon
the microbial composition of their community and microenvironment. The study of bacterial …

Background Biofilms are communities of aggregated, matrix-embedded microbial cells
showing a high tolerance to an in principle adequate antibiotic therapy, often resulting in …

The diagnosis of biofilms continues to be a challenge, and there is no standardized protocol
for such a diagnosis in clinical practice. In addition, some proposed methodologies are …

The public health (PH) impact of microbial colonization and biofilm formation on medical
devices has received considerable attention over the last decade. According to a 2002 …

Biofilms, which are complexes of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces and secrete
protective extracellular matrices, wield substantial influence across diverse domains such as …

Biofilms associated with the human body, particularly in typically sterile locations, are difficult
to diagnose and treat effectively because of their recalcitrance to conventional antibiotic …