Purpose.: A prospective, multisite clinical study (10 sites in the European Union and the
United States) evaluated the clinical utility of commonly used tests and tear osmolarity for …

Purpose The accurate diagnosis and classification of dry eye disease (DED) is challenging
owing to wide variations in symptoms and lack of a single reliable clinical assessment. In …

Purpose.: To study the association between tear osmolarity and dry eye severity grade,
based on a modified Dry Eye Workshop (DEWS) scale, and between osmolarity and the …

PURPOSE:: To evaluate the use of tear osmolarity in the diagnosis of dry eye disease.
DESIGN:: A prospective, observational case series to determine the clinical usefulness of …

purpose. To determine the most effective objective tests, applied singly or in combination in
the diagnosis of dry eye disease. methods. Two groups of subjects—41 with dry eye and 32 …

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of commonly used biomarkers in dry eye disease
management in a longitudinal observational case series study followed by an interventional …

Dry eye disease is characterized by symptoms, ocular surface damage, reduced tear film
stability, and tear hyperosmolarity. There are also inflammatory components. These features …

Over the past decades, the number of patients with dry eye disease (DED) has increased
dramatically. The incidence of DED is higher in Asia than in Europe and North America …

Dry eye is a common yet complex condition. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors can cause
dysfunction of the lids, lacrimal glands, meibomian glands, ocular surface cells, or neural …

Purpose This study compares signs, symptoms and predictive tools used to diagnose dry
eye disease (DED) and ocular surface disorders in six systemic well-defined and non …