Spectrum trading with secondary users (SUs) for monetary gains improves the inefficient
spectrum utilization of primary users (PUs) in the cognitive radio networks (CRNs). It is an …

Spectrum trading benefits secondary users (SUs) with accessing opportunities and primary
users (PUs) with monetary gains in cognitive radio networks. In the spectrum trading market …

The auction mechanism is deemed to be an effective method to address the problem of
spectrum scarcity. Numerous spectrum auction mechanisms can alleviate spectrum …

Spectrum auction is deemed as an efficient approach for redistributing spectrum and
realizing dynamic spectrum access. Though there have been extensive research endeavors …

Spectrum trading benefits primary users (PUs) by monetary gains and secondary users
(SUs) by spectrum accessing opportunities in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) …

Spectrum trading not only improves spectrum utilization but also benefits both secondary
users (SUs) with more accessing opportunities and primary users (PUs) with monetary …

In spectrum sharing systems based on spectrum trading, user locations are vital for the
efficiency of dynamic channel reuse. However, both primary users (PUs) and secondary …

Market mechanisms have been exploited as important means for spectrum acquisition and
access in cognitive radio networks. In this paper, we propose a two-tier market for …

Spectrum trading creates more accessing opportunities for secondary users (SUs), and
economically benefits the primary users (PUs). Compared with centralized spectrum trading …

Spectrum trading creates more accessing opportunities for secondary users (SUs) and
economically benefits the primary users (PUs). However, it is challenging to implement …