Pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) systems have been widely applied in many
applications, from short-range (eg human motion tracking) to long-haul (eg missile …

This paper presents a comprehensive survey on acquisition, tracking, and pointing (ATP)
mechanisms used in free-space optical (FSO) communications systems. ATP mechanisms …

In free space optical communication networks, pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT)
techniques are needed to establish and maintain optical links among the static or mobile …

Free-space optics (FSO) is an unlicensed line-of-sight tech nology that uses modulated
optical lasers to transmit infor mation through the atmosphere. By using invisible beams of …

To date, undersea optical communication has been driven by wide-beam LED systems.
Directional laser systems have several advantages| increased range, increased data rate …

The increasing demand for wireless communication services has led to the development of
non-terrestrial networks, which enables various air and space applications. Free-space …

Free-space optical communication (FSOC) provides high-capacity wireless connections,
without exhausting scarce RF resources, between airborne platforms constituting aerial …

Free-space optics (FSO), or Optical Wireless, is an unlicensed line-of-sight technology that
uses modulated lasers to transmit information through the atmosphere. By using light …

ABSTRACT NASA/PL has been developing technologies for a novel and unified approach
to point a laser beam from deep space with sub-micro-radian precision for optical …

Free-space optical (FSO) links have the potential to provide high-bandwidth channels for
data and communications applications. FSO can complement existing radio-frequency (RF) …