Clogging is a significant concern in the development of constructed wetlands (CWs). This
review performs an in-depth analysis of the reasons, influencing factors and regularities of …

Clogging is a major operational and maintenance issue associated with the use of
subsurface flow wetlands for wastewater treatment, and can ultimately limit the lifetime of the …

The treatment of wastewater in constructed wetlands (CW) has been increasingly applied
throughout the world, as it is an efficient technique for the removal of pollutants and presents …

Clogging has attracted increasing attention as one of the key problems affecting the
development and application of constructed wetland (CW) technology. However, there is a …

Substrate clogging caused by the accumulation of the particulate solids is the worst
operational problem for vertical-flow constructed wetlands (VFCW). In this paper, the effects …

Substrate clogging is by far the biggest operational problem of vertical flow constructed
wetlands. The term “substrate clogging” summarises several processes which lead to …

The effect of both the type of primary treatment (hydrolitic up-flow sludge blanket (HUSB)
reactor and conventional settling) and the flow regime (batch and continuous) on clogging …

Constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow (HF CWs) are primarily designed to
remove organics and suspended solids. The major principle of this treatment process is that …

Artificial wetlands are used in over 50 countries to sustainably treat wastewater. These
constructed wetlands (CWs) make use of natural biogeochemical and physical processes to …

Abstract The use of Constructed Wetlands (CWs) has been nowadays expanded from
municipal to industrial and agro-industrial wastewaters. The main limitations of CWs remain …