Purpose: Smartphone use is now ubiquitous and is associated with a range of ocular and
visual symptoms. However, little is known about the etiology of the symptoms which …

Smartphone and tablet use in Australia and worldwide is reaching saturation levels and
associated visual and ocular discomfort such as headaches, eyestrain, dry eyes and sore …

Purpose To investigate the influences of smartphone use on ocular symptoms, status of the
tear film, and oxidative stress indices in the tears and at the ocular surface. Methods Eighty …

Background This paper investigates viewing distances and eyestrain symptoms in young
adults reading from a smartphone for 60 minutes. Methods A survey related to common …

Purpose: The present study aimed at investigating the influence of the level of dynamism of
two different visual display terminal tasks on spontaneous eyeblink rate, blink amplitude …

Purpose: Smartphone use has dramatically increased in recent years. Smartphones may
have adverse health effects, particularly on the eyes, because users stare at the screen for a …

Dry eye disease is characterized by tear film instability that can result in ocular surface
damage. Patients with dry eye disease may experience ocular pain/discomfort and visual …

Purpose In the present study, the visual discomfort induced by smart mobile devices was
assessed in normal and healthy adults. Methods Fifty-nine volunteers (age, 38.16±10.23 …

Purpose To evaluate changes in symptoms and tear film characteristics in young computer
users. Methods Fifty-one computer users and 26 controls were evaluated at the beginning …

Purpose Many subjects experience ocular and visual symptoms during computer use.
Previous studies have reported a reduced blink rate during computer operation and …