A single watchful sleep mode (WSM) combines the features of both cyclic sleep mode (CSM)
and cyclic doze mode (CDM) in a single process by periodically turning ON and OFF the …

The Passive optical network (PON) has opened new avenues for the provisioning of very
high bandwidths per user through a pure optical fiber based Access Network. However …

Abstract Cyclic Sleep Mode (CSM) is a widely studied and standard energy conservation
technique for Passive Optical Networks (PONs). The energy savings provided by CSM …

Environmental concerns have motivated network designers to further reduce energy
consumption of access networks. This paper focuses on reducing the energy consumption of …

With the proliferation of advanced and interactive services together with the high demand for
premium quality of experience, upstream traffic in passive optical networks is growing fast in …

Recent standardization efforts to reduce power consumption in optical access networks
include the use of cyclic sleep modes to more effectively scale energy consumption with …

Due to the massive expansion of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
sector, the power consumption of this sector is rapidly increasing. Besides greenhouse gas …

This paper proposes an energy-saving passive optical network framework (ESPON) that
aims to incorporate optical network unit (ONU) sleep/doze mode into dynamic bandwidth …

Passive Optical Networks (PONs) are widely adopted as the last-mile technology due to the
large bandwidth capacity it provides to end users. In addition, PON is viewed as a green …

Energy consumption in optical access networks costs carriers substantial operational
expense (OPEX) every year and is one of contributing factors for the global warming. To …