The endothelium, which forms the inner cellular lining of blood vessels and lymphatics, is a
highly metabolically active organ that is involved in many physiopathological processes …

The endothelium, by area alone, is one of the largest organs in the body comprised of up to
trillion cells, weighing over 1 kg, and covering nearly 3 m2 in a 70 kg male. 1, 2 Moreover, it …

The endothelium represents not only a simple cellular monolayer that lines the vascular tree
in humans and other vertebrates. Depending on the location, the endothelium shows …

Increasing evidence shows that endothelial cells play critical roles in maintaining vascular
homeostasis, regulating vascular tone, inhibiting inflammatory response, suppressing lipid …

Endothelium-derived NO is not only a potent vasodilator but also inhibits platelet
aggregation, vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, monocyte adhesion …

Healthy lifestyle and diet are associated with significant reduction in risk of obesity, type 2
diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress and the imbalance between …

The vascular endothelium constitutes approximately 1% of body mass (1kg) and has a
surface area of approximately 5000m2. The endothelium is a multifunctional endocrine …

The vascular endothelium synthesizes and releases a spectrum of vasoactive substances
and therefore plays a fundamental role in the basal and dynamic regulation of the …

Our understanding of the role of the vascular endothelium has evolved over the past 2
decades, with the recognition that it is a dynamically regulated organ and that it plays a …

Introduction: Dysfunction of vessel endothelium is the first step in a complex and multi-
faceted process that eventually leads to initiation of the plaque, formation of atherosclerotic …