Background Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of selected β-
blockers for preventing cardiovascular (CV) events in patients following myocardial …

H ypertension contributes more to cardiovascular mor-tality than any other modifiable risk
factor including cigarette use, elevated LDL cholesterol, obesity, and diabetes. 1 Forty-five …

Introduction β-Blockers are a heterogenous class of drugs that are no longer recommended
for initial antihypertension monotherapy due to unfavorable long-term cardiovascular events …

Beta-blockers have been found not to be effective for primary prevention of cardiovascular
disease in patients with primary hypertension. The problem was first recognized by Messerli …

Given the concern that beta-blocker use may be associated with an increased risk for heart
failure (HF) in populations with normal left ventricular systolic function, we evaluated the …

Randomized controlled clinical trials document that β blockers reduce cardiovascular
morbidity and mortality, particularly sudden death, in patients with hypertension, heart …

Background—The long-term efficacy of β-blockers in patients with and without myocardial
infarction (MI) is controversial. Methods and Results—This is post hoc analysis from the …

For more than 3 decades, beta-blockers have been widely used in the treatment of
hypertension and are still recommended as first-line agents by national and international …

Background Existing trials almost exclusively used atenolol to represent the entire β-blocker
class, and it is unknown whether there are intra-class differences. We compared the …

Beta‐blockers were documented to reduce reinfarction rate more than 3 decades ago and
subsequently touted as being cardioprotective for a broad spectrum of cardiovascular …