Due to a battery constraint in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), prolonging their lifetime is
important. Energy-efficient routing techniques for WSNs play a great role in doing so. In this …

The distributed nature and dynamic topology of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
introduces very special requirements in routing protocols that should be met. The most …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) form an important part of industrial application. There has
been growing interest in the potential use of WSNs in applications such as environment …

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are among the most emerging technologies, thanks to
their great capabilities and their ever growing range of applications. However, the lifetime of …

Wireless sensor networks consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless
communications capabilities. Many routing, power management, and data dissemination …

ABSTRACT A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of low cost, low power, small in size
and multi functional sensor nodes. Routing protocols in WSNs emphasize on data …

Cluster-based hierarchical routing protocols play an essential role in decreasing the energy
consumption of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A low-energy adaptive clustering …

In wireless sensor networks (WSN), routing is quite challenging area of research where
packets are forwarded through multiple nodes to the base station. The packet being sent …

This paper surveys the energy-efficient routing protocols in wireless sensor networks
(WSNs). It provides a classification and comparison following a new proposed taxonomy …

Over recent years, enormous amounts of research in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have
been conducted; this is because of its multifarious applications such as in environmental …