Trams are experiencing a resurgence with worldwide network expansion driven by the need
for sustainable and efficient cities. Trams often operate in shared or mixed-traffic …

Tram drivers operate a master controller to control the acceleration and braking of the tram.
Operation should ensure passenger comfort and safety through smooth tram motion and the …

Purpose Virtual reality (VR) has been explored as a training and testing environment in a
range of work contexts, and increasingly so in transport. There is, however, a lack of …

Buses and coaches are massive Passenger Transportation Systems (PTS), because they
represent more than half of land PTS in the European Union. Despite that, bus accident …

When driving conditions exceed the design limits of an automation system, transfers of
control back to a human driver become necessary. Such transfers may compromise safety …

A large number of haptic driver support systems have been described in the scientific
literature. However, there is little consensus regarding the design, evaluation methods, and …

Active driver support systems either automate a control task or present warnings to drivers
when their safety is seriously degraded. In a novel approach, utilising neither automation nor …

Intersection crashes account for nearly a quarter of all police reported crashes, and 39% of
these result in injury or death. In this experiment, haptic warnings were explored as an …

The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the extent to which drivers do or do not have
knowledge of and experience with the anti-lock braking system (ABS) and then to explore …

Objective This study aims to compare the effectiveness and subjective acceptance of three
designs for haptic lane-keeping assistance in truck driving. Background Haptic lane-keeping …