Immunological therapy of progressive tumors requires not only activation and expansion of
tumor specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), but also an efficient effector phase including …

Interleukin (IL)-21 is an attractive antitumor agent with potent immunomodulatory functions.
Yet thus far, the cytokine has yielded only partial responses in solid cancer patients, and …

Targeting key regulators of the cancer stem cell phenotype to overcome their critical
influence on tumor growth is a promising new strategy for cancer treatment. Here we present …

Background Using immune checkpoint modulators in the clinic to increase the number and
activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes that recognize tumor antigens can prolong survival for …

Simple Summary A bottleneck in oncology is the translation of results from preclinical
models to the clinics. The rate of anticancer drugs that are effective in preclinical studies but …

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of some malignancies. Yet, many
tumors do not unfortunately respond to immune‐based therapies. Deeper insights into the …

Abstract Interleukin-12 (IL12) enhances anti-tumor immunity when delivered to the tumor
microenvironment. However, local immunoregulatory elements dampen the efficacy of IL12 …

The goal of cancer immunotherapy is to boost a patient's immune response to a tumour. Yet,
the design of an effective immunotherapy is complicated by various factors, including a …

Multiscale systems biology and systems pharmacology are powerful methodologies that are
playing increasingly important roles in understanding the fundamental mechanisms of …

Simple Summary The melanoma-conditioned microenvironment promotes immune escape
and tumor progression, contributing to resistance to anti-melanoma immunotherapy in a …