As data traffic and mobile device usage continue to surge, ensuring the provision of reliable
and stable services becomes paramount. While 5G networks hold the promise of addressing …

This paper investigates the topic of handover decision-making in 5G Heterogeneous
Networks (HetNets) and proposes an innovative solution to address the limitations of …

At present, single wireless technology cannot meet all the demands of mobile users, and
owing to such requirements, like Quality of Service (QoS) provision, efficiency, mobility, and …

One of the necessities of mobile networks is uninterrupted access to wireless services,
taking into account the requirements of quality of service. With the development of the fifth …

The evolution of 5G small cell networks has led to the advancement of vertical handover
decision-making algorithms. A mobile terminal (MT) tends to move from one place to another …

With technological advances in the telecommunications sector, everyone around the world
would like to be connected seamlessly anytime anywhere through the best network. Making …

Purpose Fifth-generation (5G) networks play a significant role in handover methods. 5G
wireless network is open, flexible and highly heterogeneous along with the overlay …

The advent of 5G and other technological advancements will provide enhanced mobile
broadband, significantly reduced latency in communications, and the accommodation of …

The continuously increasing demand of wireless communications impels the fast
development of the next generation wireless communication technology. The 5G …

The wireless networks have been rapidly used in our daily lives, especially mobile wireless
networks. An environment consisting of several networks such as WLAN, 4G-LTE, and 5G, is …