Germanium (Ge) substrates are usually used for epitaxial growth of III-V materials but
represent a significant part of the cell total cost. The lift-off technique using porosification by …

Currently, III-V multijunction solar cells holds the highest efficiency. However, they are
expensive to produce and this prevents their large-scale use. For single GaAs solar cells …

Porous germanium multiple layer stacks were prepared using bipolar electrochemical
etching. In dependance of the porosity within the individual porous layers they can be used …

Germanium (Ge) substrates are employed for III-V multijunction solar cells (MJSCs).
However, due to limited availability and environmental impact, Ge is a critical raw material …

Mesoporous Ge was generated by bipolar electrochemical etching of (100) Ge. Through
high-temperature annealing experiments, we found that the mesoporous Ge microstructure …

Single crystal germanium (Ge) membranes have recently gained increasing interest for
lightweight and low-cost solar cells and flexible optoelectronic devices. These membranes …

We demonstrate reproducible formation of mesoporous germanium layers suitable for solar
energy applications by electrochemical etching in highly concentrated electrolytes. For long …

Germanium is listed as a critical raw material, and for environmental and economic
sustainability reasons, strategies for lower consumption must be implemented. A promising …

Today's photovoltaics market is dominated by silicon-based technology, as it is inexpensive
and mature. Solar cells (SCs) based on III-V compound semiconductors have attained the …

We demonstrate a solar cell on reformed porous Ge with an efficiency of 7.7%. We generate
mesopores in (100) Ge by bipolar electrochemical etching and anneal them at high …