Abstract Since SARS-CoV-2 BA. 5 (Omicron) emerged and spread in 2022, Omicron
lineages have markedly diversified. Here we review the evolutionary trajectories and …

The comparatively milder infections with the Omicron variant and higher levels of population
immunity have raised hopes for a weakening of the pandemic. We argue that the lower …

The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant poses a striking threat to human
society. More than 30 mutations in the Spike protein of the Omicron variant severely …

The unceasing circulation of SARS-CoV-2 leads to the continuous emergence of novel viral
sublineages. Here, we isolate and characterize XBB. 1, XBB. 1.5, XBB. 1.9. 1, XBB. 1.16. 1 …

Coronaviruses (CoVs) constitute a large and diverse subfamily of positive-sense single-
stranded RNA viruses. They are found in many mammals and birds and have great …

The first SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC) to be designated was lineage B. 1.1. 7, later
labelled by the World Health Organization as Alpha. Originating in early autumn but …

The newly found Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern has rapidly spread worldwide.
Omicron carries numerous mutations in key regions and is associated with increased …

The independent emergence late in 2020 of the B. 1.1. 7, B. 1.351, and P. 1 lineages of
SARS-CoV-2 prompted renewed concerns about the evolutionary capacity of this virus to …

Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is currently the predominant circulating variant in the
COVID-19 pandemic. The dominating Omicron sublineages respond to host immune …

In late 2022, various Omicron subvariants emerged and cocirculated worldwide. These
variants convergently acquired amino acid substitutions at critical residues in the spike …