Mitochondria are essential organelles in physiology and kidney diseases, because they
produce cellular energy required to perform their function. During mitochondrial metabolism …

The kidney contains many mitochondria that generate ATP to provide energy for cellular
processes. Oxidative stress injury can be caused by impaired mitochondria with excessive …

Mitochondria are known to generate approximately 90% of cellular reactive oxygen species
(ROS). The imbalance between mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production …

The kidneys are highly metabolic organs that produce vast quantities of adenosine
triphosphate via oxidative phosphorylation and, as such, contain many mitochondria …

Diabetic kidney disease is one of the major microvascular complications of both type 1 and
type 2 diabetes mellitus. Approximately 30% of patients with diabetes experience renal …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a variety of distinct disease processes that
permanently change the function and structure of the kidney across months or years. CKD is …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are interconnected conditions,
and CKD is projected to become the fifth leading global cause of death by 2040. New …

The kidney is a vital organ that demands an extraordinary amount of energy to actively
maintain the body's metabolism, plasma hemodynamics, electrolytes and water …

Mitochondria are heterogeneous and highly dynamic organelles, playing critical roles in
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, metabolic modulation, reactive oxygen species …

Cellular metabolic changes during chronic kidney disease (CKD) may induce higher
production of oxygen radicals that play a significant role in the progression of renal damage …