Salt and alkaline stresses often occur together, severely threatening plant growth and crop
yields. Salt stress induces osmotic stress, ionic stress, and secondary stresses, such as …

Soil salinity is one of the most serious threats to plant growth and productivity. Due to global
climate change, burgeoning population and shrinking arable land, there is an urgent need to …

Ion homeostasis is a dynamic process and a fundamental requirement for all organisms.
Many different minerals are required for essential biochemical processes, but accumulation …

Salinity is a major threat to modern agriculture causing inhibition and impairment of crop
growth and development. Here, we not only review recent advances in salinity stress …

Background Salinity is a global issue threatening agricultural production systems across the
globe. While the major focus of plant salinity stress tolerance research has been on sodium …

Simple Summary This review focuses on plant growth and development harmed by abiotic
stress, primarily salt stress. Salt stress raises the intracellular osmotic pressure, leading to …

Salinity stress negatively impacts agricultural yield throughout the world affecting production
whether it is for subsistence or economic gain. The plant response to salinity consists of …

Soil salinization inhibits plant growth and seriously restricts food security and agricultural
development. Excessive salt can cause ionic stress, osmotic stress, and ultimately oxidative …

The ability of a plant to maintain an ionic homeostasis is crucial in plant salt tolerance. Direct
evidence based on data from the non-invasive measurement of ion fluxes would not only …

Chloride (Cl−) plays an important micronutrient role in plants, but at high levels, it can act as
a stress molecule and thus can hamper agriculture on saline lands. Thus far, most of the salt …