In principle, continuous integration (CI) practices allow modern software organizations to
build and test their products after each code change to detect quality issues as soon as …

Build systems are essential for modern software development and maintenance since they
are widely used to transform source code artifacts into executable software. Previous work …

Continuous Integration (CI) is a development practice where developers frequently integrate
code into a common codebase. After the code is integrated, the CI server runs a test suite …

Modern software projects rely on build systems and build scripts to assemble executable
artifacts correctly and efficiently. However, developing build scripts is error-prone …

Previous studies have investigated a wide range of factors potentially explaining software
build breakages, focusing primarily on build-triggering code changes or previous CI …

Incremental and parallel builds are crucial features of modern build systems. Parallelism
enables fast builds by running independent tasks simultaneously, while incrementality saves …

Continuous integration is an agile software development practice. Instead of integrating
features right before a release, they are constantly being integrated in an automated build …

Build systems translate sources into deliverables. Developers execute builds on a regular
basis in order to integrate their personal code changes into testable deliverables. Prior …

Much research has investigated the common reasons for build breakages. However, prior
research has paid little attention to builds that may break due to reasons that are unlikely to …

Despite the benefits, continuous integration (CI) can incur high costs. One of the well-
recognized costs is long build time, which greatly affects the speed of software development …