This paper investigates smoke movement and its stratification in a lay-by of a 900 m long
road tunnel by computer simulation using Fire Dynamics Simulator. The lay-by is located …

The main goal of longitudinal ventilation in case of fire in bi-directional road tunnel is to
maintain smoke stratification, which is necessary for safe evacuation of people. This study …

Jet fan ventilation strategy in case of fire in bi-directional road tunnels is focused on
maintaining smoke stratification. There are several factors influencing stratification under …

Fires are among the most dangerous incidents in road tunnels that can cause large
damages to property and environment and threaten tunnel users. In this paper, the impact of …

Clarifying the smoke spread and temperature distribution pattern on both sides of the fire
source is the key to fire rescue. However, the back-layering length characteristics of tunnel …

In this study, numerical simulation was carried out to analyze the effect of the aspect ratio on
smoke movement in tunnel fires using FDS 3.0. Temperature distribution under the ceiling …

In this paper, the impact of vehicles in road tunnel on smoke spread in case of fire is
illustrated using the FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) system. FDS is a CFD-based fire field …

In this work, a numerical model of tunnel fire is developed and aimed to investigate the
influence of cross-sectional fire locations on critical velocity and smoke flow characteristic. It …

More and more urban traffic tunnels are built due to the heavy traffic in dense urban areas.
Fire safety in tunnels is a concern due to the large traffic flow. Most of the urban tunnels have …

The rapid growth of railway based public transportation in metropolitan city leads to the
massive development of its supporting facilities such as underground tunnel. The minimum …