The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) driving generative artificial intelligence
applications heralds the potential of opportunities in health care. We conducted a review up …

The advent of generative artificial intelligence and large language models has ushered in
transformative applications within medicine. Specifically in ophthalmology, large language …

PURPOSE To investigate the ability of generative artificial intelligence models to answer
ophthalmology board–style questions. DESIGN Experimental study. METHODS This study …

Natural language processing (NLP) is a subfield of machine intelligence focused on the
interaction of human language with computer systems. NLP has recently been discussed in …

Importance Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT appear capable of performing a
variety of tasks, including answering patient eye care questions, but have not yet been …

Summary Background Large language models (LLMs) are garnering wide interest due to
their human-like and contextually relevant responses. However, LLMs' accuracy across …

Advances in technology, including novel ophthalmic imaging devices and adoption of the
electronic health record (EHR), have resulted in significantly increased data available for …

Purpose ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence language model, which uses natural language
processing to simulate human conversation. It has seen a wide range of applications …

Purpose Foundation models are a novel type of artificial intelligence algorithms, in which
models are pretrained at scale on unannotated data and fine-tuned for a myriad of …

In light of growing interest in using emerging large language models (LLMs) for self-
diagnosis, we systematically assessed the performance of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, and …