In this chapter, we review and summarize the current state of the art in geovisualization and
extended reality (ie, virtual, augmented and mixed reality), covering a wide range of …

The original Digital Earth concept, formulated by Al Gore (1998), is essentially a virtual
reality system. In this (imagined) system, users are able to freely explore all possible …

Alan M. MacEachren, GeoVISTA Center, Department of Geography, Penn State University,
303 Walker, University Park, PA 16802, USA Menno-Jan Kraak, Department of …

Publisher Summary This chapter provides an introduction of methods and research
questions associated with user-centered geovisualization tool design, bridging the gap …

Scale has been a defining criterion of mapmaking for centuries. However, this criterion is
fundamentally questioned by highly immersive virtual reality (VR) systems able to represent …

In this paper, we describe two explorations in the use of hybrid user interfaces for
collaborative geographic data visualization. Our first interface combines three technologies …

Geographic visualizations always played an important role in human history, especially in
the earth sciences, long before computer visualizations became popular. The earliest …

The cartographic community realizes that the problems presented by the need to understand
complex data can't be solved with maps alone, although they are convinced of their visual …

Geovisualization is both a process for leveraging the data resources to meet scientific and
societal needs and a research field that develops visual methods and tools to support a wide …

In recent years, the visualization of geospatial data has undergone dramatic and important
developments. Next to static maps, nowadays, immersive and highly interactive virtual …