To control the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic, a variety of severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccines have been developed. However, the rapid mutations …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), especially emerging
variants, poses an increased threat to global public health. The significant reduction in …

The spike trimer of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is an
effective target for inducing neutralizing antibodies by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID …

Over the years, several distinct pathogenic coronaviruses have emerged, including the
pandemic SARS-CoV-2, which is difficult to curtail despite the availability of licensed …

Background The variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
harbor diverse spike (S) protein sequences, which can greatly influence the efficacies of …

Neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein are a goal of COVID-19
vaccines and have received emergency use authorization as therapeutics. However, viral …

One year in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the first vaccines are
being rolled out under emergency use authorizations. It is of great concern that newly …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has spread worldwide since it was first …

Abstract Development of effective preventative interventions against SARS-CoV-2, the
etiologic agent of COVID-19 is urgently needed. The viral surface spike (S) protein of SARS …

Multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines show
protective efficacy, which is most likely mediated by neutralizing antibodies recognizing the …