Although still early in clinical development, agonists of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) have
demonstrated potential for the treatment of cancer. TLR9 agonists directly induce activation …

Abstract Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is a pattern recognition receptor that is predominantly
located intracellularly in immune cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer …

The toll‐like receptor (TLR) family consists of vital receptors responsible for pattern
recognition in innate immunity, making them the core proteins involved in pathogen …

From the numerous Toll-like receptor agonists, only TLR7 agonists have been approved for
cancer treatment, although they are current restricted to topical application. The main target …

Abstract Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader should be able to:
Describe the subtypes of Toll-like receptor 7 and 8 agonists and their effect on the different …

Although an eruption of information on the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the main
receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide, in activating macrophages and dendritic cells has …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been described as major components of the innate immune
system, recognizing the conserved molecular structures found in the large groups of …

Simple Summary Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is a member of the TLR family, which has been
extensively studied for the antiviral function and, therefore, its role in the innate and adaptive …

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) is well known for its host innate immunity. Despite the fact that
TLR-4 activation confers antitumor responses; emerging evidence suggests that TLR-4 is …

Topical application of small molecule Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonists is highly effective
for the treatment of skin tumors, whereas their systemic application has been largely …