This paper presents a systematic literature review of the current state–of–research on online
participation. The review draws on four databases and is guided by the application of six …

The advent of online technologies has been triggering a wave of empirical examinations of
online political participation (OPP) over the past twenty years. It also stimulated scholarly …

Political participation refers to all forms of involvement in which citizens express their
political opinion and/or convey that opinion to political decision-makers. Some of the most …

The increased availability of the Internet has led to the emergence of new forms of political
participation. Opinions differ, however, on whether this has led to a reinforcement of …

Citizen participation in politics has always been a defining characteristic of democracy.
Empirical research into political participation therefore practically always results in an …

While the study of e-participation has gained increasing attention within political science, our
understanding of its underlying structure and relationship to offline participation is limited …

This study clarifies the differences between political participation and political
communication online. Although many studies have examined the nature and effects of …

The rapid rise of digital media use for political participation has coincided with an increase in
concerns about citizens' sense of their capacity to impact political processes. These dual …

Online engagement and participation has matured and produced a wide variety of methods
and projects, often temporary and focused on particular topics or decisions that help bring …

Can online groups help to foster political engagement among citizens? We employ a multi-
method design incorporating content analysis of political group pages and original survey …