Groupishness is a set of tendencies to respond to group members with prosociality and
cooperation in ways that transcend apparent self-interest. Its evolution is puzzling because it …

This chapter is an anomaly in this volume. It is about cooperation among primates, but
cooperation for deadly violence against others of the same species. It is about warfare by …

Chimpanzees are our closest living relatives, with% of our genetic code overlapping
theirs (Varki & Nelson,). This deep genetic similarity produces profound physical …

According to anthropological philosopher René Girard (1923–2015), an important human
adaptation is our propensity to victimize or scapegoat. He argued that other traits upon …

Michael Tomasello's account of moral evolution includes both a synthesis of extensive
experimental work done on humans and chimpanzees on their potential for perspective …

Parochial altruism, taking individual costs to benefit the in-group and harm the out-group,
has been proposed as one of the mechanisms underlying the human ability of large-scale …

Chimpanzee and hunter-gatherer intergroup aggression differ in important ways, including
humans having the ability to form peaceful relationships and alliances among groups. This …

The evolution of human cooperation remains a puzzle because cooperation persists even in
conditions that rule out mainstream explanations. We present a novel solution that links two …

The question of whether humans—or at least human males—are innately inclined toward
violence will never be resolved by studying the behavior of chimpanzees. Humans and …

This book is derived from a conference entitled “Man the Hunted and the Origin and Nature
of Human Sociality, Altruism and Well-Being” held at Washington University, March, 2009 …