Normal repair of skeletal muscle requires local expansion of a special population of Foxp3+
CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells. Such cells failed to accumulate in acutely injured muscle of …

Skeletal muscle regeneration results from the activation and differentiation of myogenic stem
cells, called satellite cells, located beneath the basal lamina of the muscle fibers …

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) mRNA is constitutively expressed in skeletal muscle. Although IL-15
has proposed hypertrophic and anti-apoptotic roles in vitro, its role in skeletal muscle cells in …

Long recognized to be potent suppressors of immune responses, Foxp3+ CD4+ regulatory T
(Treg) cells are being rediscovered as regulators of nonimmunological processes. We …

Muscle injury induces a classical inflammatory response in which cells of the innate immune
system rapidly invade the tissue. Macrophages are prominently involved in this response …

Exaggerated proinflammatory cytokine responses can be observed with aging, and reduced
levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 may contribute to these responses. IL-10 can …

Skeletal muscle regeneration that follows acute injury is strongly influenced by interactions
with immune cells that invade and proliferate in the damaged tissue. Discoveries over the …

Adult skeletal tissue is composed of heterogeneous population of cells that constantly self-
renew by means of a controlled process of activation and proliferation of tissue-resident …

Skeletal muscle repair and regeneration after injury is a multi-stage process, involving a
dynamic inflammatory microenvironment consisting of a complex network formed by the …

Skeletal muscle regeneration is a highly orchestrated process that depends on multiple
immune-system cell types, notably macrophages (MFs) and Foxp3+ CD4+ regulatory T …