The molecular checkpoints that drive inflammatory bowel diseases are incompletely
understood. Here we found more T cells expressing the transcription factor PU. 1 and …

T helper cell subsets play a critical role in providing protection against offending pathogens
by secreting specific cytokines. However, unrestrained T helper cell responses can promote …

Colonic antigen-experienced lymphocytes such as tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells can
respond rapidly to repeated antigen exposure. However, their cellular phenotypes and the …

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are effectors of innate immunity and regulators of tissue
modeling. Recently identified ILC populations have a cytokine expression pattern that …

CD4 T helper (Th) cell differentiation into distinct T cell subsets is critical to the normal
function of the immune system. Until recently, the paradigm held that naïve T cells …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: T helper (Th) 17 cells produce the effector cytokine interleukin (IL)-
17, along with IL-22, which stimulates colonic epithelial cells to produce a membrane-bound …

Abstract Interleukin (IL)-2 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is necessary to prevent chronic
inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract,,–. The protective effects of IL-2 involve the …

Lymphoid cells that express the nuclear hormone receptor RORγt are involved in
containment of the large intestinal microbiota and defense against pathogens through the …

Th17 cells reactive to the enteric microbiota are central to the pathogenesis of certain types
of inflammatory bowel disease. However, Th17 cells display substantial developmental …

Differentiation of naïve T cells leads to the generation of T-cell subsets, each possessing
distinct cytokine expression profiles for serving different immune functions. Through the …