Renal cell carcinomas vary considerably in their tumor biology and disease course, which is
reflected in the range of treatment paradigms in localized and metastatic renal cell …

Since the 2000s, there have been dramatic advances in the treatment of metastatic renal cell
carcinoma (mRCC), including drugs targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and …

Over the past 12 years, medical treatment for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has transitioned
from a nonspecific immune approach (in the cytokine era), to targeted therapy against …

During the last decade, the treatment of advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
was revolutionised with the advent of antiangiogenic drugs and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors …

The management of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has changed
dramatically over the past few years. Nephrectomy remains an important intervention for …

Background Recent phase III studies of targeted agents for metastatic renal cell carcinoma
(mRCC) have generated median survival estimates that far exceed those observed during …

Context Introduction of additional new agents targeting the vascular endothelial growth
factor receptor (VEGFR) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has completely modified …

There has been a recent expansion of therapeutic options in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
(RCC) targeted at the vascular endothelial growth factor and mammalian target of rapamycin …

The armamentarium for the systemic therapy of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has
undergone dramatic changes over the past 6 years. While high-dose interleukin (IL)-2 …

The treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is evolving rapidly, with promising
new regimens being developed and approved for patients with advanced disease …