Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have undergone rapid development but still suffer from
energy shortage issues. Meanwhile, existing energy-efficient routing approaches lack a …

Software-defined networking (SDN) is an emerging architecture used in many applications
because of its flexible architecture. It is expected to become an essential enabler for the …

Abstract Wireless Sensor Systems (WSNs) are utilized to gather the information and to
propel them to the base station and this domain is also used to design and analyse routing …

The enormous increase in heterogeneous wireless devices operating in real-time
applications for Internet of Things (IoT) applications presents new challenges, including …

Wireless sensor nodes are battery-powered devices which makes the design of energy-
efficient Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) a very challenging issue. In this paper, we …

In order to prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), a low-duty-cycle mode is
widely used to save the energy for sensor nodes. Under this mode, sensor nodes switch …

The internet of things (IoT) underscores pivotal real-world applications ranging from security
systems to smart infrastructure and traffic management. However, contemporary IoT devices …

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are a crucial part of the Internet of Things (IoT),
and research on WSN routing protocols has always been a hot topic in academia. However …

The exponential rise in wireless communication demands and allied applications have
revitalized academia-industries to develop more efficient routing protocols. Wireless Sensor …

In today's internet-of-things (IoT) environment, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have many
advantages, with broad applications in different areas including environmental monitoring …