Introduction The European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the United States Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) announced conditions for using recombinant human interleukin-1 …

This study aims to assess anakinra's safety and efficacy for treating severe coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19). Numerous electronic databases were searched and finally 15 …

Around the tenth day after diagnosis,∼ 20% of patients with coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19)− associated pneumonia evolve toward severe oxygen dependence (stage 2b) …

Background Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia have an excess of inflammation and
increased concentrations of cytokines including interleukin-1 (IL-1). We aimed to determine …

Introduction Severe COVID-19 cases have a detrimental hyper-inflammatory host response
and different cytokine-blocking biologic agents were explored to improve outcomes …

Background Mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and systemic inflammation is high. In areas of …

Background At the end of 2021, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) expanded its
approval for the recombinant human interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist Anakinra for the …

Acute respiratory distress syndrome and cytokine release syndrome are the major
complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated with increased mortality …

Background The global COVID-19 pandemic led to substantial clinical and economic
outcomes with catastrophic consequences. While the majority of cases has mild to moderate …

The role of immunomodulatory agents in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-
19 has been of increasing interest. Anakinra, an interleukin-1 inhibitor, has been shown to …