Over the past 40 years, Jim Cummins has proposed a number of highly influential theoretical
concepts, including the threshold and interdependence hypotheses and the distinction …

During the past decade, the term translanguaging has come to dominate academic
discussions regarding pedagogy in bilingual and second language (L2) immersion …

When officials from the New York State Education Department 1 originally met with Ofelia
García, Kate Menken, and Ricardo Otheguy—who became the Principal Investigator …

Translanguaging is a theoretical lens that offers a different view of bilingualism and
multilingualism. The theory posits that rather than possessing two or more autonomous …

EN The multilingual turn refers to a recent series of shifts in the core philosophical
underpinnings in traditional foreign and second language classroom practice. These …

The challenging task of establishing meaningful translanguaging in multilingual classrooms
necessitates negotiation between different stakeholders. Such negotiation requires …

Abstract Since Cen Williams first used the Welsh term trawsieithu in 1994 to refer to a
pedagogical practice where students in bilingual Welsh/English classrooms are asked to …

Rediscovering Interlanguage Page 1 Page 2 Rediscovering Interlanguage Page 3 APPLIED
LINGUISTICS AND LANGUAGE STUDY General Editor Professor Christopher N. Candlin …

Translanguaging research has recently increased in visibility. But research in what we now
term translanguaging is not new. This chapter traces its development from its Welsh origins …

In March 2009, Li Wei and Peter Martin published a special issue of the International Journal
of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism (Volume 12, Number 2) on 'Conflicts and Tensions …